Te Kaiwhakamātautau Tubular i roto i te Hanga Mākarini

I. He aha i hiahiatia ai te whakamahi i te tubular pasteurizer i roto i te hanga pata?

Ko ngā rauemi mata mō te pata ko te hinu huawhenua kua parakore, te wai, ngā wāhanga miraka (pēnei i te paura miraka, te paura whey), ngā emulsifier, te tote, ngā huaora, me ngā kakara. He tino pai ēnei rauemi mata, inā koa ko te wāhanga wai me ngā wāhanga miraka, hei whakatipu i ngā moroiti (pēnei i te huakita, te rewena, me te pokepokea ai). Ki te kore e pai te whakamātao, ka pirau te hua i roto i te wā poto, ā, ka raru pea te haumaru kai.

Ko te mahi matua o te mīhini whakamātao ngongo ko te patu i ngā huakita pathogenic me ngā huakita pirau i roto i te wai o te rauemi mata i mua i te whakaemulsification me te hanga o te hua, kia mau ai te haumaru o ngā tohu moroiti o te hua me te whakaroa i tōna oranga papa.

II. Te tukanga mahi o te miihini whakamātao ngongo i roto i te raina whakaputa pata

Ka whakauruhia he mīhini whakamātao ngongo noa i muri i te pūnaha whakaemulsification me mua i te mīhini whakamatao tere (Votator, Scraped Surface Heat Exchanger rānei). Ko tana tukanga mahi penei:

1. Te whakamahana me te whakaōrite:

Ko te ranunga hinu-wai kua whakaranua, kua whakaemulsified (kua huri hei emulsion) ka papua tuatahitia ki roto i te pūnaha pasteurization.

Ka haere te rauemi mā roto i tētahi wāhanga whakamahana-mua, ka whakapiki ake i te pāmahana ki te pāmahana tino pai mō te whakaranu (ko te tikanga he 60-70°C).

o Muri iho, ka tomo te rauemi pāmahana-tiketike ki te takirere whakakotahitanga pēhanga-tiketike, ā, ka pakaru i raro i te pēhanga tino teitei (hei tauira, 150-200 pae), ka hanga he porowhita ngako me ngā pata wai tino iti, ōrite hoki, e tino whakapai ake ana i te pumau me te kakano o te hua.

2. Wāhanga Whakamātautau:

o Ka uru te rauemi kua whakaranua ki te wāhanga whakamahana o te mīhini whakamātao ngongo. I konei, ka rere te rauemi mā roto i ngā ngongo porowhita e karapotia ana e te mamaoa, e te wai wera pēhanga teitei rānei, ā, ka tere te whakanui ake i te pāmahana ki te pāmahana whakamātao kua whakaritea i roto i te wā poto rawa.

Ngā tawhā tukanga whakamātao noa:

 Pāmahana: 85°C - 95°C (kua whakarerekētia kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o te tātai me te tukanga; tera pea he teitei ake ētahi tātai).

 Wā: puritia mō te 15 - 30 hēkona. Ka tutuki tēnei "wā pupuri" mā te hoahoa i tētahi roa motuhake o te "ngongo pupuri" i roto i te paipa.

Ka taea e tēnei tukanga "pāmahana-poto-rahi (HTST)" te patu i ngā huakita mate katoa me ngā huakita tino pirau, me te whakaiti i te kino wera ki te reka, te tae, me ngā wāhanga kai o te hua.

3. Wāhanga whakamatao:

I muri i te whakamātaotanga, me whakamatao tonu te rauemi hei ārai i te wera nui me te tipu anō o ngā moroiti.

o Ka tomo te rauemi ki te wāhanga whakamatao, ka whakawhiti wera ki tētahi reo matao (he wai hukapapa te nuinga), ka tere te whakaheke i te pāmahana ki te pāmahana e hiahiatia ana mō ngā tukanga e whai ake nei (he 40°C - 50°C te nuinga) kia tomo ki te mīhini whakamatao tere mō te whakakōkī.

4. Pūnaha whakaora wera (whiringa engari he tino whai hua te whirihoranga):

Ko ngā mīhini whakamahana ngongo hou he pūnaha whakaora wera kei roto.

Ka whakawhitia te wera o ngā rauemi matao e tomo ana ki te wāhanga whakamahana me ngā rauemi wera e puta mai ana i te wāhanga whakamātao i roto i tētahi taputapu whakawhiti wera motuhake.

Ngā Painga:

 Penapena Pūngao: Ka whakamataohia te rauemi wera i mua, ka whakamahanahia hoki te rauemi matao, ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga o te mamaoa me te wai whakamatao.

 Te tiakitanga o te hua: Ka ārai i te wera nui me te kōkō i puta mai i te pā tika o te rauemi makariri ki ngā pakitara pāmahana teitei.

III. Ngā painga o te mīhini whakamātao ngongo i runga i ētahi atu tikanga whakamātao

1. Te whakaputa tonu: Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā ipu whakamātao puranga, ka taea te whakauru pai i te whakamātao ngongo ki ngā tukanga o mua me muri mai, ka taea ai te whakaputa tonu me te aunoa me te tino whai hua. 2. Te kounga hua teitei: Ka whakanuia e te tukanga HTST te pupuri i te reka me ngā matūkai o te rauemi mata, ka karohia te reka kua tunua i puta mai i te whakamahana roa.

3. Te whakamahinga nui o te pūngao wera: Nā te pūnaha whakaora wera, ka tino whakaitihia te whakamahinga pūngao, ka nui ake te painga o te utu whakahaere.

4. Tapuwae iti: Hanganga kiato, ngāwari ki te whakauru ki ngā raina whakaputa o nāianei.

5. Hoahoa akuaku: He mea hanga katoa ki te kowiri tira, e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa akuaku 3-A, kāore he kokonga mate akuaku, ā, he ngāwari ki te mahi CIP (horoi i te wāhi) me te SIP (whakahoroi i te wāhi).

IV. Ngā Whakaaro Matua i roto i te Whakamahinga

1. Te whakahaere tika i ngā tawhā tukanga: Me pupuri kia pumau te pāmahana, te pēhanga, me te tere rere. Ahakoa ngā piki me ngā heke iti, ka pā pea ki te pānga whakahoromata (uara F) ka puta rānei te pirau o te hua (pēnei i te rere o te pūmua).

2. Take poke: Ka whakakaramere ngā pūmua i roto i te rauemi ki ngā pakitara o te ngongo i ngā pāmahana teitei. Me horoi auau te CIP (te nuinga o te wā mā te whakamahi i ngā otinga kawakore me te waikawa e rere ana); ki te kore, ka pā ki te pai o te whakawhiti wera me te akuaku o te hua.

3. Te tiaki i te takirere whakaōrite: He wāhanga tino tika te takirere whakaōrite, ā, he ngāwari ki te pakaru ina mahihia i raro i te pēhanga teitei mō te wā roa. Me tirotirohia me te whakakapi i ia wā kia mau ai te pānga whakaōrite.

4. Hototahi ki ngā whakatakotoranga: He rerekē ngā tairongo wera o ngā whakatakotoranga rerekē (ina koa ko te nui o te pūmua me te ngako), ā, me arotau te pāmahana me te wā whakahoromata.

5. Te ārai i te poke tuarua: Me kawe te rauemi kua whakahoromatatia ki te tukanga e whai ake nei i roto i te taiao kati me te whakahoromata. Mā te turuturu i tētahi wāhanga ka arahi pea ki te poke tuarua o te huakita, ka kore ai e whai hua te whakahoromata.

Whakarāpopototanga

He "ārai haumaru" nui te whakahoromata ngongo i roto i te hanga pata hou. Mā te tukanga whakahoromata tere-teitei tonu (HTST), ka patua e ia ngā moroiti me te whakataurite pai i te whanaungatanga i waenga i te haumaru kai me te kounga o te hua. Ko ōna āhuatanga o te whai huatanga teitei, te tiaki pūngao me te aunoatanga ka waiho hei taputapu matua hei whakarite kia tutuki ngā hua pata i ngā paerewa kounga me te haumaru teitei.