Raina Whakaputa Pata Kirīmi

Whakarāpopototanga o te Tukanga Hanga Pata:

Miraka → Wehewehenga → Kirīmi → Whakamātao → (Te whakamāoa mō te whakatipu) → Te pakeketanga → TE WHAKAPŪPŪ → Te tātari Miraka pata → Te horoi → Te mahi → Te takai → Pata

Ka taea te wehewehe i te tukanga kia toru ngā wāhanga matua:Te Tukatuka Kirīmi, Te Hurihuri me te Mahi,meTe Tākai me te Rokiroki.

1. Te Tukatuka Kirīmi: Te Whakarite i ngā Rauemi Mata

Koinei te wāhanga tino nui mō te whakatau i te reka me te kounga whakamutunga o te pata.

• Wehenga:Ka wehea tuatahitia te miraka mata katoa ki te kirīmi me te miraka kore-momona. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu wehe e huri ai te miraka i ngā tere teitei. Ka neke te miraka kore-momona matotoru ki waho, ko te kirīmi māmā ka kohia mai i waenganui.
• Te whakamātao:Ka whakamahanahia te kirīmi ki tētahi pāmahana motuhake (hei tauira, 85°C/185°F mō te 15-20 hēkona) hei whakangaro i ngā huakita me ngā whākōkī ka pirau pea. Mā tēnei ka noho haumaru, ka roa ake hoki te ora o te kirimi.
• Te Whakamaoa (mō te Pata Whakatipu):Ko tēnei taahiraa te mea e wehewehe anapata kirīmi rekamai ipata whakatipu.Te pakeketanga/te whakamātao:Ka whakamataohia te kirīmi, ā, ka puritia ki te pāmahana iti (tata ki te 4-8°C, 40-46°F rānei) mō ngā hāora 8-12. Mā tēnei tukanga "whakapakeke" ka mārō ngā tioata ngako, he mea nui tēnei kia pai ai te huri o te ngako, kia puta ai he pata pai.
  • Pata Kirīmi Reka:Ka whakamatao tonutia te kirīmi kua whakamātaotia, kātahi ka nekehia kia hūrū. Ka hua ake he reka ngawari ake, he kirīmi ake (ko te momo tino noa i te US me te UK).
  • Pata Whakatipu:Ka tāpirihia he ahurea huakita waikawa lactic ki te kirīmi kua whakamātaohia. Kātahi ka whakatōkia mō ētahi hāora. Ka whakapūpūtia e ngā huakita te lactose (huka miraka) hei waikawa lactic, ka hoatu ki te pata he reka ake, he kawa ake, he matatini ake (he mea noa ki Ūropi).

2. Te Hurihuri me te Mahi: Te Hurihanga Tinana

Koinei te wā e tino rerekē ai te āhua ā-tinana o te kirīmi.

• Te hurihuri:Ka ringihia te kirīmi kua whakamatao, kua pakeke ki roto i te mīhini huri. Ko ngā mīhini huri o ēnei rā he pahu rino kore waikura nui, hurihuri, he mīhini huri tonu rānei.Te Tātari i te Miraka Pata:Kia eke ngā pata ki te rahi o ngā pī iti, o ngā kākano witi rānei, ka mutu te huri. Ka tātarihia te pata miraka. (Koinei te pata miraka "tūturu", he kawa, he iti te ngako, he rerekē ki te inu whakatō e kitea ana i ngā toa).
  • Te Pūtaiao:I te whakaohokia o te kirīmi, ka uru te hau, ka hanga he pahuka. Ka tukinga ngā porowhita ngako, e karapotia ana e te kiriuhi phospholipid pakarukaru, ā, ka pakaru ō rātou kiriuhi.
  • Ko te Hua:Ka turuturu te ngako wai i roto i ngā porowhita, ka tīmata te piri tahi, ka pupū hei ngako pata nui haere, nui haere. Ka mahue iho he wai e kiia nei kopata pata.
• Te horoi:Kātahi ka horoia ngā pata ki te wai mā, matao. Mā tēnei mahi ka tangohia te pata pata e toe ana, ka tere ake te pirau o te pata.
• Te tote (Whiringa):Ka taea te tāpiri i te tote hei reka, hei tiaki taiao hoki. Ka tāpirihia he tote maroke, he tote rānei, ā, ka whakaranua kia pai.
• Te mahi:Kātahi ka "mahi" te pata, ka pokepokea rānei. He tukanga miihini tēnei e whakarite ana kia marara pai te wai i roto i te hinu hei pata iti puta noa i te wāhanga ngako (e kiia ana tēnei he wai-i-roto-i-te-hinu emulsion). Mā tēnei anō hoki ka hoatu ki te pata tōna kakano me tōna āhua maeneene, ōrite hoki.

3. Te Tākai me te Rokiroki

• Tākai:Ka tapatapahia aunoatia te pata kua oti, ka tākaihia ki roto i ngā poraka, i ngā ipu, i ngā rōra rānei mā te whakamahi i te pepa parakihe, i ngā takai pepa konutea rānei hei tiaki i te mārama me te hau, ka taea ai te whakapūkara me te pirau.
• Rokiroki:Ka rongoatia te pata, ka haria hoki ki roto i te pouaka whakamātao kia mau tonu ai tōna hanganga pakari me tōna hou. Nā te mea he 80% te ngako, ka taea hoki e ia te tango i ngā kakara mai i ētahi atu kai i roto i te pouaka whakamātao, nō reira he mea nui te takai ā-hau.

Ngā Hua Matua o te Hanga Pata:

1. Pata:Ko te hua matua. E ai ki te whakamāramatanga, me 80% te ngako miraka kei roto i te pata. Ko te toenga he wai (tata ki te 16-18%) me ngā mea totoka miraka (tata ki te 1-2%).
2. Miraka Pata:Te hua taha. I ngā wā o mua, koinei te wai i mahue i muri i te hurihanga. Ināianei ka whakatōkia motuhaketia i muri i te tātari hei hanga i te inu pata miraka whakatōkia e hokona ana i ngā toa.

Ngā momo pata:

• Pata Kirīmi Reka:He mea hanga mai i te kirīmi hou, kua whakamāoritia. He reka ngawari.
• Pata Whakatipu:I hangaia mai i te kirīmi i whakapūkaratia ki ngā ahurea huakita. He reka kawa, he "pakeke".
• Tote vs. Kore Tote:He mārama noa iho. E kiia ana te mea kāore i te tote ko te "pata reka".
• Pata Āhua-Pākehā:He nui ake te ngako (82-86%), ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakatōkia, ka hua ake he reka ake, he kirīmi ake hoki te kakano, he tino pai mō te tunu kai.