Pūnaha Whakahaere i roto i te Raina Hanga Mākarini

Anei tētahi whakamārama taipitopito o tōna tūranga, ōna wāhanga, me āna mahi i roto i te hanga pata.

1. Te Kaupapa Matua o te Pūnaha/Pūnaha Whakahaere

Ko te whāinga matua he whakahaere aunoa, he aroturuki, he whakahaere hoki i te tukanga whakaputa katoa kia tika ai:

• Te Kounga Hua Pūmau:He ōrite te reka, te kakano, te tae, me ngā āhuatanga rewa o ia puranga.
• Te Whai Hua o te Whakaputa:Whakanuia te nui o te mahi, whakaitihia hoki te para me te wā kore mahi.
• Whakahaere Tunu:Te whakatinana tika i ngā whakatakotoranga rerekē mō ngā momo hua rerekē (hei tauira, te pata poraka mārō, te ipu ngohengohe, ngā paninga iti-ngako).
• Haumaru:Aroturukihia ngā tawhā haumaru matua (pēhanga, pāmahana) me te whakahaere i ngā whakaweto ohorere.
• Te Aroturuki me te Whai Aroturuki Raraunga:Tuhia ngā raraunga tukanga katoa hei whakahaere kounga me te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga.

2. Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Pūnaha Whakahaere

Ko te pūnaha noa he mea hanga mai i ngā taputapu me ngā pūmanawa:

Pūmārō:

• PLC (Kaiwhakahaere Arorau Ka Taea te Whakahōtaka):Ko te "pūnaha whakahaere" ā-tinana, te kāpata rānei e pupuri ana i te roro rorohiko, ngā waeine tāuru/putanga (I/O), me ngā kāri whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
• HMI (Atanga Tangata-Mīhini):Ko te papa pa e tata ana ki ngā taputapu ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te aroturuki i te tukanga, te tiro i ngā whakaoho, me te mahi i ngā whakarerekētanga ā-ringa.
• Ngā Pūoko me ngā Taputapu:Koinei ngā "kanohi me ngā taringa" o te pūnaha, e whakahoki ana i ngā raraunga ki te PLC. Ko ngā mea tino nui ko:
  • Ngā Pūoko Pāmahana (RTD, Thermocouples):I runga i ngā mea whakamātao, i ngā ngongo whakamatao, i ngā whakawhiti wera mata kua waruhia, me ngā ngongo okioki.
  • Ngā Tuku Pēhanga:I runga i ngā papu me ngā raina pēhanga teitei.
  • Ngā Mita Rere:Hei ine i te nui tika o ngā hinu, wai, me ngā tāpiringa.
  • Ngā Pūwhakamātautau pH:Hei aroturuki i te waikawa o te wāhanga wai.
  • Ngā Pūoko Taumata:I roto i ngā tāke me ngā silo o ngā kai whakauru.
• Ngā Whakaoho me ngā Puku:Ngā "ringa" o te pūnaha e whakahaere ana i ngā whakahau mai i te PLC. Kei roto i tēnei:
  • Ngā Takirere Whakahaere:Hei whakahaere i te rere o ngā kai, te mamaoa, me te wai whakamatao.
  • Ngā Puku Auautanga Taurangi (VFD):Hei whakahaere i te tere o ngā papu, ngā whakaohooho, me ngā mōtini papaaho o te wāhanga whakamatao.
  • Ngā Tīmatanga Mōta:Mō ngā taputapu nunui ake pēnei i ngā papu me ngā pūwhakakā.

Pūmanawa:

• Arorau Whakahaere:Ko te kaupapa e rere ana i runga i te PLC e whakatau ana (hei tauira, "KI TE tiketike rawa te pāmahana, me whakatuwhera ake te takirere whakamatao").
• SCADA (Mana Whakahaere me te Kohi Raraunga):He pūnaha pūmanawa e whakahaerehia ana i runga i tētahi rorohiko matua e whakarato ana i tētahi tirohanga whānui o te tipu katoa. Ka kohia ngā raraunga mai i ngā PLC katoa, ka whakaatu i ngā au, ka whakaputa pūrongo, ka taki hoki i ngā raraunga o mua.

3. Te Whakahaere i te Tukanga Hanga Mākarini

Ka whakahaerehia e te pūnaha whakahaere ia wāhanga o te whakaputa:

1. Te Whakarite me te Inenga o ngā Kai (Wāhanga Hinu me te Wāhanga Wai):

• Mahi:Ka whakahaere tika i ngā papu me ngā takirere hei whakaranu i ngā rahinga tika o ngā hinu kua oti te whakapūmau, ngā emulsifier, ngā tae (beta-carotene), me ngā huaora (Wāhanga Hinu) me te wai, te tote, ngā pūmua miraka, me ngā mea tiaki (Wāhanga Wai).
• Mahi Whakahaere:Ka whiwhi te PLC i ngā raraunga mita rere, ā, ka whakarerekē i ngā takirere whakahaere, i ngā VFD rānei i runga i ngā papu kia tutuki ai ngā ōwehenga tunu tika.

2. Te Whakapūtanga:

• Mahi:Whakahaerehia ai te waeine emulsifier hei waihanga i tētahi emulsion wai-i-roto-hinu pumau.
• Mahi Whakahaere:Whakahaerehia ai te tere o te whakaoho, ā, kia mau ai ngā kai i tētahi pāmahana kua whakaritea.

3. Te Whakamātautau:

• Mahi:Ka whakamahana i te emulsion ki tētahi pāmahana kua whakaritea hei patu i ngā moroiti.
• Mahi Whakahaere:Ka whakamahia e te PLC tētahi pūoko pāmahana i roto i te putanga o te mīhini whakamahana hei whakarerekē i te takirere whakahaere mamaoa, kia mau tonu ai te pāmahana tika kua whakaritea i mua.

4. Te Whakamatao me te Whakatiotanga (The Votator™ / SSHE):

• Koinei te wāhanga whakahaere tino nui.Ka whakatauhia i konei te kakano me te ngāwari o te horapa o te hua whakamutunga.
• Mahi:Whakahaere tika ana i ngā whakawhiti wera mata kua waruhia (SSHE) me ngā ngongo okiokinga (ngā kaikohi).Mahi Whakahaere:He porowhita matatini o te whakahaere pāmahana, te pēhanga, me te rere. Ka whakarite tonu te PLC i ngā takirere whakamatao me ngā VFD i runga i ngā motuka dasher i runga i te urupare a te pūoko.
  • Ngā SSHE:Ka āta whakahaere te PLC i te pāmahana me te pēhanga o te hau matao ammonia, Freon rānei. Ka aroturukihia hoki e ia te tere o te rakau mutator (scraper) i roto i te ngongo. He mea nui te tere mō te whakawhiti wera me te hanganga tioata.
  • Ngā Ngongo Okiokinga (Ngā Kaikōwhiri):Ka whakahaere i te tere rere me te wā pupuri kia taea ai e ngā tioata ngako te hanga i te āhua polymorphic motuhake (β') e hoatu ana ki te pata te kakano maeneene, ka taea te hora.

5. Te Mahi me te Tākai:

• Mahi:Mō te pata pata i roto i te ipu, ka papua noa te hua ngohengohe ki ngā mīhini whakakī. Mō te pata poraka, ka taea te mahi anō, kātahi ka whakaputa ki waho.
• Mahi Whakahaere:Ka whakarite i te tere o te whakakī me te putanga o te raina whakamatao. Ka aroturuki i te taumaha o te kete me te whakahaere i te pūnaha kawe.

4. Ngā Mahi Matatau

Ehara i te mea ko ngā mana whakahaere taketake anake ngā mea e tukuna ana e ngā pūnaha whakahaere hou:

• Whakahaere Tunu:Penapenahia ngā rau o ngā tohutao. Ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere te tīpako noa i te "Tub Soft" "Baking Block" rānei i runga i te HMI, ā, ka whakatakoto aunoa te pūnaha i ngā tawhā katoa (ngā pāmahana, ngā tere, ngā tere rere).
• Ngā Raraunga Auaha me ngā Raraunga Hītori:Aroturuki i ngā taurangi tukanga i roto i te wā. He mea tino nui tēnei mō te whakatau i ngā take (hei tauira, "He aha i rerekē ai te kakano o te hua i te 2:00 PM?") me ngā arotake kounga.
• Whakahaere Whakaoho:Whakatūpato tonutia ngā kaiwhakahaere mō ngā raruraru (hei tauira, "Te Pēhanga Iti i roto i te Raina Haukini," "Te Whakatūpato Mahana Teitei i runga i te SSHE #3").
• Pūrongo Puranga me te Aroturuki:Tuhia ngā raraunga katoa mō ia puranga whakaputa, kia waihangahia he tapuwae mamati mō te whai i ngā raraunga katoa mai i te rauemi mata ki te hua kua oti.

Whakarāpopototanga

Ko te "pūnaha whakahaere" i roto i te hanga pata he pūnaha aunoa tino whakauru. Ka hurihia e ia tētahi tukanga matū me te ā-tinana uaua e uru ana ki te whakahaere pāmahana tika, te kutikuti, me te whakatiotanga hei mahi pono, ka taea te mahi anō, me te whai hua, kia rite tonu ai te hua whakamutunga i runga i te whata hūpāmakete.